The order of eruption of baby teeth.
The first teeth that a child begins to erupt at the age of 5 - 8 months on the lower jaw are the deciduous incisors. Next, the central primary incisors on the upper jaw begin to appear. At the age of 9 - 13 months, the lateral incisors on the upper and lower jaws erupt. At the age of 13 - 19 months, the first chewing teeth (first primary molars) are cut on the upper and lower jaws. A gap is formed between the lateral incisors and molars, during which the primary canine begins to erupt at 16 months. The last to begin to emerge is the second chewing tooth (second primary molar), first on the lower jaw, then on the upper jaw. By age 3, a full set of baby teeth should have formed.
Timing of adult teeth eruption
The rudiments of the first teeth (on average, about 20 units) in infants are formed during the first two years of life. When the time comes to replace them with permanent teeth, the milk teeth become loose and fall out. There are no specific dates for the eruption of molars; many factors can affect the speed: environmental conditions, climate, water quality and diet. Genetic characteristics also play a certain role, some of which make themselves felt even during the formation of the fetus. The influence can be both positive and negative. If parents have healthy teeth from birth, then you don’t have to worry about the child’s teeth. If the first incisors, canines and premolars grow in 3 years, then the permanent ones take a long time to erupt. The first symptoms of dentition change can be seen at the age of 5, and it continues until the age of 21, when the third molars appear.
Video: Timing of eruption of permanent teeth
Timing of eruption
Features of the period and symptoms of the eruption of the first teeth.
DATES OF TEETHING ARE INDIVIDUAL FOR EACH BABY AND DEPEND ON A NUMBER OF FACTORS: NUTRITION, HEREDITY, ETC. THIS IS WHY YOU SHOULD NOT WORRY MUCH IF THE LONG AWAITED APPEARANCE OF YOUR FIRST TEETH IS DELAYED.
PHOTO: Gums of a child at 6 months. Before the first baby teeth erupt, the gums in the area of the future teeth turn slightly white due to tooth pressure.
It's hard to miss when children's first teeth appear. As the tooth erupts, it “tightens” the mucous membrane (the tooth can be felt with your finger under the mucous membrane) and, having “broken through” it, ends up in the oral cavity. In some children, a bluish “bump” or “ball” with transparent contents forms on the mucous membrane above the erupting tooth. This is a small eruption cyst that usually breaks out on its own WITHOUT outside help (despite the menacing name), although sometimes the intervention of a pediatric dentist is required.
The first teeth that appear may be located asymmetrically and “not evenly” - this is the norm. Such dental disorder has the right to exist until the eruption of 16 teeth: baby teeth are independently ordered as they erupt, aligning each other. This is facilitated by the intake of solid food, pressure of the tongue and lip muscles.
In a normal primary occlusion, gaps form between the primary incisors and canines (on average 1 mm), which is normal and a sign that the permanent wider incisors will have enough space in the dentition during the period of physiological change of teeth. The absence of these spaces indicates a lack of space for permanent teeth.
In most cases, teething does not cause the child any discomfort, although sometimes the process of teething can be accompanied by “itching” of the gums and lead to sleep disturbances in the child, causing a lot of trouble for the child and his parents.
Molars in children
Of course, molars in children deserve a separate discussion. Firstly, because parents often confuse which teeth are milk and which are permanent, and secondly, because their eruption causes extremely unpleasant and even painful sensations and is often accompanied by an increase in temperature.
When do molars grow?
Many parents believe that molars are permanent teeth, that is, those that replace milk teeth. But actually it is not. So what kind of teeth does the child have? In fact, molars are divided into permanent and primary teeth. In this case, the order of eruption of molars in children is as follows. At six months, babies begin to notice their first molars. There are four of them, and they are located on the lower and upper parts of the jaw apparatus. At one and a half years, central molars appear, at two and a half, lateral molars. From 5 to 10 years, baby teeth are replaced by permanent teeth. Until about 25 years of age, the most complex tooth, the “wisdom” tooth, emerges.
What symptoms accompany tooth growth?
Not all parents know how their children’s molars grow, which is why they begin to worry a lot when they notice some unpleasant symptoms. Let's figure out what phenomena accompany tooth growth.
Fever. During the period of teeth growth, children can maintain a temperature of 37–37.5 °C. In some cases it rises to 38 °C. Why is this happening? The fact is that when the gums become swollen, the blood flow increases, and to compensate for the swelling, the body produces biologically active substances, which affects the state of the immune system. As a result, the temperature rises.
General malaise. Very often, when teething, children seem lethargic and tired. This is due to the fact that it is a lot of stress for the body. As a result, the child may have trouble sleeping; babies often become irritable, spit out the pacifier, start sucking their thumbs, and are constantly capricious.
Increased salivation. This is especially observed in young children (aged 5–7 months). At this time, they do not yet independently regulate the amount of saliva in their mouth. A large amount of saliva indicates irritation of the sensitive nerves of the gums, which is completely normal when teeth appear. Over time, with the development of the reflex, the amount of saliva decreases.
Digestive disorder. Teething is often accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea and regurgitation. The reason for this is an increase in the amount of liquid the baby drinks during the day.
How can I help you
In order to speed up the teething process, small children can be given special toys. They are usually made in the form of rings. Instead of these items, you can use a regular crust of bread or peeled fresh carrots. Also during this period, it is recommended that the child be given cool drinks, preferably just water. You can distract babies and older children with the help of games, conversations, and fun music. Do not forget that during this period the child needs double affection and special care from the parents. For severe pain, doctors prescribe age-appropriate analgesics. You can apply a clean, soft cloth soaked in cold water to your gums. This is especially useful before bedtime, as this approach will help relieve pain and allow the child to fall asleep.
Typical problems.
PHOTO: a child’s teeth at 3 years old. Gaps between baby front teeth at age 3 are normal. On the front upper teeth there is caries in the cervical area of the teeth.
There may be a slight rise in body temperature and anxiety in children when their first teeth are cut. This is due to minor inflammation and itching of the gums in the area where teeth are about to erupt. To relieve discomfort, it is recommended to treat the oral cavity with special napkins for oral hygiene, containing special antiseptic and tanning substances.
The most common problem faced by parents aged 12 - 18 months is “bottle” caries, the main cause of which is poor oral hygiene in the child and night feedings. As a result of poor hygiene, a large amount of soft plaque forms on the teeth. Plaque contains a large number of bacteria that produce acid, which “corrodes” the enamel, leading to the formation of caries.
Night feedings at the age of 12 - 18 months create the most favorable conditions for the development of caries, because... At night, saliva production is reduced - the acid of bacteria living in dental plaque is not neutralized.
BREAST-fed children are LESS likely to develop dental caries than bottle-fed children. Breast milk helps saturate the surface of teeth with calcium and phosphate ions. Breast milk contains a large number of immunological protective factors. At the same time, it has been noted that long-term night feeding (both breast and bottle feeding) leads to the development of dental caries, especially in the area of the upper front milk teeth.
PHOTO: A one and a half year old child’s teeth. The front incisors and first molars have erupted. The fang (3rd tooth) is emerging. Often at this age the first injuries occur: the child fell and hit his front upper tooth - the tooth broke.
Against the background of poor hygiene and a weakened immune system, inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane and stomatitis may develop. Stomatitis in young children is severe, accompanied by general malaise, loss of appetite and increased body temperature.
IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO START TEACHING YOUR CHILD TO THE NECESSITY OF INDIVIDUAL ORAL HYGIENE FROM THE MOMENT OF THE APPEARANCE OF THE FIRST TEETH. GOOD ORAL HYGIENE IN A CHILD IS THE KEY TO HEALTHY TEETH FROM EARLY CHILDHOOD.
What are baby teeth and how do they erupt?
Temporary teeth are colloquially called baby teeth because they begin to appear when the baby is still breastfed. The rudiments of dental elements are formed during intrauterine development (6–8 weeks of pregnancy). Eruption is the process of teeth emerging onto the gum surface. Mechanism: the tooth root develops, over time it begins to rest against the hard bone tissue of the bottom of the alveoli, pushing the crown part of the tooth onto the surface of the gum. In total, 20 elements appear in the primary occlusion, 10 on each jaw.
Treatment.
Providing QUALITY dental care to children from the moment the first tooth appears and up to 3 years of age is LIMITED to physiological reasons: mild excitability, restlessness, fear of unknown manipulations in the oral cavity. An attempt to cure teeth by talking to a child or holding him by force in his arms ends with POOR-QUALITY treatment, as a result of which various local complications can develop.
REMEMBER: FORCED TREATMENT WITH CHILDREN RESTRAINT CAUSES IRREPAIRABLE PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA TO THE CHILD!
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Recommendations for caring for a child's molars
Children's molars require careful care. Young enamel is sensitive to the external environment and bacteria that cause caries. Therefore, it is important to use hygiene products.
The best prevention is to teach your child to maintain good oral hygiene before a permanent bite has formed. To keep your teeth healthy, you need to follow a few simple steps:
- brush your teeth every day ☑️. Brush at least twice a day, use dental floss and mouthwash.
- correct diet ☑️. Sweet plaque on teeth is the best food for bacteria. After meals with a lot of carbohydrates, brush your teeth or rinse your mouth. Avoid snacking when you can't take care of your teeth.
- regular preventive examinations ☑️. You need to visit the dentist once every six months. Treat teeth immediately when problems are detected.
- strengthen teeth ☑️. Eat a balanced diet, take vitamin and mineral complexes rich in calcium.
- Visit the dentist regularly ☑️ and have your teeth professionally cleaned.
Taking care of your teeth doesn't take much time, but taking simple steps now will help you maintain beautiful, healthy teeth for life.
