January 10, 2018
Dental crowns today are one of the most common methods of prosthetics. They are installed when the upper part of the tooth is destroyed by more than half, the aesthetics are compromised, stains, chips are present, there are gaps in the row or the tooth is in an incorrect position. Another indication is the absence of one or many teeth, but in this case the crowns are part of other prostheses, for example, bridges or removable ones, or are fixed on implants.
Dental crown
Modern crowns are created from a variety of materials, and each type of prosthesis has differences in terms of cost, durability and aesthetics. UltraSmile.ru portal have prepared an overview of the most popular types of modern crowns, as well as useful recommendations that will help you not make a mistake in your choice.
Metal composite crowns
Such prostheses are created from metal alloys and covered with a composite material on top. Their main advantages are low cost, good aesthetics, and fairly high strength. The service life with careful care is no more than 5 years, but in case of minor chips and damage, the crowns can be restored directly in the oral cavity at a doctor’s appointment. The price of crowns made of metal composite is from 2,500 rubles.
Metal composite crowns
It is better to use them on the lateral teeth, because the composite may become dull over time and will need to be polished. In addition, the material is susceptible to coloring pigments from food. Also, abrasion of the composite can expose metal, which in its pure form does not look very nice and forms a blue edge in the gum area.
On a note!
Metal composite is most often used as temporary prosthetics. This option is especially suitable for dental implantation with immediate loading, since it is light and flexible.
Indications and contraindications for installation
Metal appliances are usually made when missing molars need to be restored. They cope well with high chewing loads and last a very long time.
Their installation is also indicated in the following situations:
- in order to prevent further abrasion of damaged units;
- to increase the reliability of fixation of removable dentures;
- to recreate the natural shape of a partially destroyed natural crown;
- in the absence of one/several teeth;
- if it is necessary to replace worn-out dental devices that were manufactured several years ago.
They can also be considered as supporting units if a dental bridge is planned for the upper or lower jaw.
As for contraindications, the list is not very long:
- cancer diseases;
- bruxism;
- malocclusion, subject to mandatory preliminary correction;
- increased abrasion of units of the opposite jaw;
- severe periodontal disease, periodontitis;
- osteoporosis, osteomyelitis of the bone tissue of the jaws.
Ceramic composite crowns
Such crowns have excellent external characteristics, since they are created from a material that includes both ceramics and composite. They are hypoallergenic and do not cause irritation to the mucous membrane. A chipped composite can be easily adjusted right in the dental chair. Dentures will last up to 10 years.
Ceramic composite crowns
Crowns are less durable than metal-ceramics. Well suited for restoring teeth in the smile area. It is also an excellent option for implant-supported dentures. True, to acquire a “highly aesthetic” smile you will have to pay accordingly. Their price starts from 7,000 rubles.
Classification
If one or several molars are destroyed or removed at once, the following can be used:
- crowns coated with various metal compounds;
- metal prostheses without coating;
- lined systems, the outer layer of which is formed of plastic or ceramics.
The metals used in the manufacture of coated dentures can be different. Among them:
- titanium;
- gold;
- silver;
- platinum;
- cobalt and chromium.
All of them are characterized by high biological compatibility and stability, do not cause unpleasant taste and can be used for a long time. But, as practice shows, most patients who decide to install metal devices with coating want to have gold teeth made for them. This is explained by their “expensive” appearance, high strength and maximum hygiene (dental plaque is not deposited on the gold surface and pathogenic bacteria do not multiply).
Metal-ceramic crowns
There are two options for prostheses: some are a durable metal frame made of inexpensive alloys, others are made of noble metals. In this case, both are covered with a thin layer of ceramics, which is baked in an oven. Metal-ceramic “teeth” are very durable, can withstand heavy chewing loads, and will last 10 years or more. In addition, this will be the best option for restoring teeth in terms of price and quality - you can spend 5-6,000 rubles. But the average cost in Moscow is from 7-10,000 rubles.
Metal-ceramic crowns based on gold
Another option is shoulder crowns. They have a ceramic coating applied not only to the top, but also to the base itself. Thanks to this, the gums do not come into contact with the metal, a loose fit of the prosthesis to the tooth is eliminated, the formation of allergic reactions is minimal and the oxidation of the metal from contact with saliva is minimized - as a result, darkening of the gums is avoided.
Structure
Metal structures with spraying are a one-piece construction. Previously, they were made according to an established pattern, and already in the dental office the doctor gave it the desired shape. But this method has not been used for a long time, and the prosthesis is made according to individual casts.
Sprayed crowns are solid structures that are installed when one or more teeth are lost.
Dentures allow you to recreate the anatomical shape of chewing molars and eliminate various defects. Installation takes place in three stages - preparation, preparation, fixation.
With proper care, products do not lose their functions for a long time.
The advantage of the design is the variety of choices. Depending on the patient’s wishes, it can be made with lining, with or without coating.
When creating bridges, the crowns are not soldered together, but are made up of solid rows. Thus, there is no gap between the artificial teeth, and bacteria cannot penetrate there.
First of all, the surface of the prosthesis is degreased and polished. The structure is then coated with a white substance called titanium nitride using vacuum plasma technology. Spraying is applied at high temperature using electric current.
It may seem that crowns made of pure gold are more functional.
However, it is not for nothing that dental technicians choose coated metal. The fact is that pure gold is too soft and quickly deforms under the pressure of opposing teeth.Budget alternative: silver or palladium plating.
Dentist
Novikova Olga Alexandrovna
8 years of experience
All-ceramic crowns
On a note!
Crowns are universal in use and can be fixed both on the remaining parts of a living tooth and on a tooth without a nerve, on a pin or stump inlay.
In all cases, they completely recreate the anatomy of the tooth, its aesthetics and allow you to return full functionality. Dental ceramics are less durable than metal ceramics, but they look much more aesthetically pleasing. The translucency of the ceramic base allows for ideal restoration of the front teeth. However, due to their fragility, the service life of the prostheses will be from 5 to 7 years.
All-ceramic crowns
Today there are also pressed ceramics, which are much more durable than ordinary ones. Such dentures look even better and last many times longer. The price of all-ceramic crowns starts from 8,000 rubles and can reach 20,000 rubles if pressed ceramics are used.
Zirconium crowns
This option is suitable for those who value the highest aesthetics, maximum strength, high wear resistance and durability. Such dentures are not created manually, but using milling and computer technology of the latest generation, therefore they repeat the structure with the highest accuracy and are also precisely positioned on the tooth. In addition, zirconium is completely compatible in its characteristics with the human body, has light transmission like natural teeth and is almost indistinguishable from the natural shade of enamel.
Zirconia crowns
Of course, you will have to pay many times more for zirconium dioxide crowns than for other prostheses - at least 12,000 rubles apiece, but they will justify their cost and will last about 20 years.
When choosing dental crowns, you should pay attention not only to the price, but also to other characteristics of the prostheses, to the appropriateness of their use for a certain clinical picture. Then the choice will be correct and will meet the main expectation from going to the dentist - getting a beautiful and functional smile.
Features of care
- Daily proper care of dentures is important: brushing teeth and interdental spaces, using rinses and dental floss.
- It is necessary to monitor the condition of your gums.
- You should visit your dentist periodically to help identify the development of gingivitis and periodontitis at an early stage. These diseases lead to crown detachment.
- If the integrity of the prosthesis is damaged, you must immediately contact the clinic for its restoration or replacement.
The one-piece construction sits tightly on the chewing element and hermetically envelops it. Therefore, the patient should not worry about the fact that pathogens or food particles can penetrate under it.
Good to know. Modern solid crowns are not afraid of solid food and are resistant to chemical and thermal irritants.
Watch the video: Types of dental crowns
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Punching technique
Dentures differ in the type of material and manufacturing method. Manufacturing technology using the stamping method implies:
- taking an impression;
- tapping the required shape of the structure on a standard workpiece.
The stamped model is an affordable method of prosthetics. Products are created on the basis of blanks and adjusted in accordance with the individual anatomical specifics of the patient.
The structures are strong, but the natural teeth underneath them are quickly destroyed.
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